Heat interchanger



March 17, 1936.

J. ASKIN 2,034,553

HEAT INTERCHANGER Filed July 12, 1935 Jnnentor Gttbmeg remain". .17, 1936 Joseph Askin, Builalo, Y., assignor to Feddera Manufacturing Company, Inc., Buffalo, N. Y.

Application July 12, 1935, Serial No.' 31,002

3 Claims. (01. 257-246) This invention relates to heat interchangers, and it has particular reference toan apparatus which may be readily and effectively utilized for counter-flow heat exchange in such systems as refrigeration plants. a

The ordinary compressor-condenser-expander refrigeration system includes an expansion coil,

in which the relatively warmliquid refrigerant is allowed to gasify with concomitant cooling, and the expanded gases are then returned to the compressor and condenser for liquefaction and recir-, culation. Frequently, the service conditions are such as to permit some unexpandedfliquid to'pass' through the expansion coil, resulting in the'floodingofth e compressor with its attendantdisadvantages' In order to circumvent such liquid return, and

, thereby make the system more efli'cient and to T obviate the necessity of constant attention and well recognizedheat exchanger which may be interposed between the expander and compressor, in such fashion that any liquid refrigerant tending to return to the compressor will do useful work in pre-coolingrefrigerant en route to the expander. More particularly, the heat exchanger of this invention is so devised as to make it readily applicable to existing installations, and is of -anature per-.'

, mitting its construction in the fleld, or where thesivetools.

invention must be The various features and advantages of the "present invention will become more apparent from a'perusal of the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment,- illustrated in the accompanying drawing, wherein Flg. 1 is a view, partly in longitudinal section and partly in elevation,. of the heat interchanger;

and

installation [of the invention ii a refrigeration "As shown 1, the'interchanger is fabri-' cated of twoflttin'g units l connected by tele-. scoped 'inlet'and; outlet tubes II and 12. Each ldis formed of a body l3 which is in the form of a reducing I having aligned branches l4 1 and I5 and an angular branch I, all of whi'ch are fexteriorly' threaded. The larger branches l5 and ii are formed'with ter'minal male flares or bevels "I1 and I8 and large interiorcommunicating passages and 2| respectively, The small branch is formed with an opening 22 adapted to receive the inlet tube II and the extremity or adjustment, the present invention proposes a made without resort to expen- Fig. 2is a diagrammatic view, showing the this branch is provided with a female flare or interior bevel 23.

The enter tube i2 is flanged at both extremities,

, as indicated by the numeral 24, and it is assem;

bled to connect the branches 15 by means of nuts 25 which areeach formed with interior female flares 26 which force the tube flange 24 into fluidtight engagement with the branch flares if The Gil extremities of the. inner tube II are likewise.

formed with flanges 21 which seat on the female flares 23 of the branches ll. Couplings 28 secure these connections and they are each formed with a nut Portion 29 having aninterior male flare 3| adapted to engage one of the flanges 21 and re ain it in seated relation with the branch flare 14; The free end of each coupling is formed with a threaded branch 33heving a male flare 3 4.

The fitting structures, above described, permit the formation of a heat interchanger with the aid of the simplest tools and operations. Hence, the assembly may be made by the mechanics on the scene of the installation of an evaporator, condenser, or like device with which it is intended to cooperate. a I

In the process of assembling the interchangen. the tube I2 is cut to the desired length and it is then flanged after the nuts 25 have been positioned thereon. One extremity of the small tube islikewise flanged, then engaged through theopening 22 in one of the fitting bodies l3, and flnally is secured by a coupling 28. The large tube l2 isthen connected to both bodies by securing the nuts 25, and coincidental with this opera- .tion, the plainextremity of the small tube is proiected through the opening 22 in the remaining: body, whence it projects from the branch I.

This extremity ofthe tube II is then cut oil flush I with the. extremity-of the branch I and it is flared by a suitable tool. The subsequent application of the remaining coupling 28 completes the assembly. I

The interchanger may be as a regenerator in the suction-line 01a refrigeration system, as

illustratedin Fig. 2. In this installation, an

evaporator fl forms'part of, a refrigeration circult including a supply conduit lI-A in which isvpositioned a metering device such as a thermostatic expansion valve 38. The expanded gasesin the'evaporatordir'e directed to a suction line IQ-leading to compressor.(n t shown) and, due to various conditions of operatic itv often occurs that 'unexpanded refrigerant in liquid formis introduced into thesuction conduit, resulting in a danger oi injuring the'compressor,

of energy. e

The interchanger is interposed in both the supply and suction conduits to correct this condition. As shown in Fig. 2, the supply conduit ll-A is cut and its ends are connected to the branches gas being withdrawn through the tube i2, are

opposed in direction of flow, so that a greater mean temperature diff rential between the fluids is attained, resulting in a greater heat'transfer.

In the practical operation of the usual refrig- 'eration system the incoming or supply liquid is comparatively warm, the temperature varying between and F., while the returned gas 20 Qraries; from freezing to 50 F., depending upon the-operating conditions. Under such circumstances, a mutually advantageous heat exchange is eflected between the liquid and gas through the wall of the tube ll, wherein the liquid is cooled to a more eflicient state before being ex posed to expansion in the evaporator, while the outgoing gas is accordingly heated, causing liquid refrigerant to expand and to do useful work before being directed back to the compmsor.

It will be understood that the interchanger not limited to the use herein described, but tn? it may be advantageously employed wherever he t exchange between fluids is indicated.

I claim:

f 1. A heat interchanger comprising a pairpf.

simultaneously and independently through each,

said flttings comprising a bodyhaving a passage therethrough for the reception of the inner conduit, a beveled face on the end of said body, a nut 2,034,058 q or at least in an undesirable waste or misdirection disposed around the outer conduit and adapted to be secured tosaid body adjacent, said beveled face, said hut being internally formed with a beveled seat adapted to be slightly spaced from said beveled face, said outer conduit being flared to occupy the space between said body and nut,

whereby said outer conduit is fixedly secured to said body when said nut is assembled thereon, said body being formed at itsopposite end with means for securing said inner conduit thereto in fluid tight relation,- and a branch passage formed in said body to establish fluid communication with the space between the inner-and outer con duit.

2. A heatlinterchanger comprising a pair of fltting'units, each including a T fltting having ,aligned branches and an angular branch, oneof said aligned branches having. a passage there-' through terminating in a female flare the remaining branches having larger communicating passages and being formed with male flareaa tube extending through the aligned branches of bothflttings and formed with a flange on each extremity engaging the female flares thereon, a coupling having. a nut portion securing each flange to the adjacent fitting, a larger tube enclosingthe first tube and'formed with flanges on each ing the last flanges to the flttings.

3. A heat interchanger. comprising a pair of fltting units, each including a T fltting having aligned branches and -an angulan branch, one of said aligned branches, having a passage. therethrough, the remaining branches having larger communicatingpassages, a tube extending through the passages in the aligned branches of both flttings, a larger tube enclosing the flrst tube and engaging the opposed branches of the fittings, and detachable connections securingthe tubes to the i JOSEPH ASKIN, 

